竞业限制条款的相关规定-竞业限制知识大全|极兔竞调
竞业限制条款的相关规定
竞业限制协议禁止员工与其前雇主竞争，无论是为竞争企业工作、抢夺客户、挖走员工还是使用机密信息或商业秘密。
竞业限制协议在弗吉尼亚州有效吗？
是的。竞业限制协议在弗吉尼亚州具有法律效力，前提是：
1) 严格保护雇主的合法商业利益；
2) 不会不合理地妨碍前雇员谋生的能力；
3) 不违反弗吉尼亚州的公共政策。
Omniplex World Servs. Corp. 诉 US Investigations Servs. 案，270 Va. 246, 249 (2005)。如果竞业限制协议不能满足这三部分测试，
法院将认定其在法律上不可执行。
第一个要求是，竞业限制协议必须严格地保护雇主的合法商业利益，这意味着竞业限制协议的范围不能超出保护雇主业务所必需的范围。
受法律保护的商业利益可以是雇主向雇员支付费用以与其客户建立的商誉，也可以是雇员被委托保管的机密商业信息和商业秘密，但这
并不是唯一的例子。
第二项要求是，竞业限制协议不得不合理地妨碍前雇员谋生的能力，这适用于竞业限制协议的范围或持续时间。
以下是弗吉尼亚州法院在确定竞业限制协议是否可执行时分析的一些因素：
地理范围：如果一家公司仅在一个州运营，那么涵盖全美各地的竞业限制协议在地理范围上过于宽泛，并且可能无法执行。雇主只希望竞
业限制协议覆盖其合法业务区域。
职责范围：仅当前雇员担任与竞争对手类似或相同的职位时，竞业限制条款才适用。
竞业限制协议只是笼统地限制员工为其前任雇主的竞争对手从事任何工作，这种规定也过于宽泛，因为它没有具体说明前任员工将从事什
么工作，并且不合理地阻止了员工谋生。
期限：弗吉尼亚州法院支持雇员离职后长达 2 年的竞业限制协议。根据我们律师事务所对数百份竞业限制协议的审查，大多数弗吉尼亚州雇
主的竞业限制协议期限为 12 个月。如果在企业出售中包含竞业限制协议，则可执行更长时间，最长可达 5 年。
在某些州，法院可以“蓝铅笔”或编辑不可执行的竞业限制条款，使其可执行。但弗吉尼亚州法律不允许蓝铅笔，因此弗吉尼亚州雇主希望确
保他们的竞业限制协议以狭隘的方式编写，只是为了保护他们合法的商业利益，而不是太宽泛，以至于妨碍他们的前员工在离开后谋生。
弗吉尼亚州的竞业限制协议有效期是多长？
弗吉尼亚州法院支持在离职后长达 2 年的就业竞业限制协议。如果在企业出售中包含竞业限制协议，则该协议的执行期限可以更长，最长可达 5 年。
如果雇主的竞业限制协议期限超过 2 年，除非是为了出售企业，否则将被视为不可执行。如果竞业限制协议涉及出售企业，法律支持更长的期限，
最长可达 5 年。
Relevant provisions on non compete clauses
The non compete agreement prohibits employees from competing with their former employers, whether it is to work for competing
companies, snatch customers, poach employees, or use confidential information or trade secrets.
Is a non compete agreement valid in Virginia?
yes. The non compete agreement has legal effect in Virginia, provided that:
1) Strictly protect the legitimate business interests of employers;
2) Will not unreasonably impede the former employee's ability to earn a living;
3) Not violating Virginia's public policy.
Omniplex World Servs. Corp. v. US Investigations Servs Case, 270 Va. 246, 249 (2005). If the non compete agreement fails to meet
these three tests, the court will determine that it is legally unenforceable.
The first requirement is that the non compete agreement must strictly protect the legitimate commercial interests of the employer,
which means that the scope of the non compete agreement cannot exceed the scope necessary to protect the employer's business.
Legally protected business interests can be the goodwill established by employers paying employees to their clients, or confidential
business information and trade secrets entrusted to employees for safekeeping, but this is not the only example.
The second requirement is that the non compete agreement must reasonably impede the former employee's ability to earn a living,
which applies to the scope or duration of the non compete agreement.
The following are some factors analyzed by Virginia courts when determining whether a non compete agreement is enforceable:
Geographical scope: If a company operates only in one state, a non compete agreement covering all parts of the United States may
be too broad in geographical scope and may not be enforceable. The employer only wishes for the non compete agreement to cover
their legal business area.
Scope of Responsibilities: The non compete clause only applies when the current employee holds a position similar or identical to that
of a competitor.
The non compete agreement only vaguely restricts employees from engaging in any work for their former employer's competitors. This
provision is also too broad because it does not specify what work the former employee will engage in and unreasonably prevents the
employee from making a living.
Deadline: Virginia court supports non compete agreements lasting up to 2 years after employee departure. According to our law firm's
review of hundreds of non compete agreements, the majority of employers in Virginia have non compete agreements with a term of 12
months. If a non compete agreement is included in the sale of the enterprise, it can be enforced for a longer period of time, up to a
maximum of 5 years.
In some states, courts may use a 'blue pencil' or edit unenforceable non compete clauses to make them enforceable. But Virginia law does
not allow blue pencils, so Virginia employers want to ensure that their non compete agreements are written in a narrow way, only to protect
their legitimate business interests, rather than being too broad to hinder their former employees from making a living after leaving.
How long is the non compete agreement valid in Virginia?
Virginia court supports employment non compete agreements lasting up to 2 years after resignation. If a non compete agreement is included
in the sale of the enterprise, the execution period of the agreement can be longer, up to a maximum of 5 years.
If the employer's non compete agreement exceeds 2 years, it will be deemed unenforceable unless it is for the purpose of selling the enterprise.
If the non compete agreement involves the sale of the enterprise, legal support for a longer term, up to a maximum of 5 years.
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